Causes of cervical cancer
Cervical cancer is unlike most other cancers as it is caused by environmental factors.
In almost all cases of cervical cancer, it is caused by persistent HPV. HPV is a very common infection that four out of five sexually active adults will come into contact with in their lives, without any symptoms. HPV is a very common virus, which is why it is so important to attend your regular cervical screening.
See our section on HPV
Cervical cancer is not caused by promiscuity or infidelity, however, it makes sense that the more sexual partners you have and the younger you are when you have your first sexual encounter, the more likely you are to come into contact with the more dangerous strains of HPV. Whilst these factors are considered to increase your risk of developing cervical cancer, many women who have only had one sexual partner in their lifetime become infected with HPV and may go on to develop abnormal cell changes/CIN or cervical cancer.
Similarly, as with most cancers, smoking can also pose an increased risk. Smoking can cause abnormalities in the cells of the cervix.
Other risk factors involved with cervical cancer:
- Weakened immune system
- Having children at a very young age
- Giving birth to many children
- If your mother was given DES (infertility drug) when pregnant with you
- Long term use of the contraceptive pill (more than 10 years) can slightly increase the risk of developing cervical cancer but the benefits of the pill outweigh the risks for most women.
Last updated: 07/10/2011
